DATE	NON-INDUSTRY SPONSORED RESEARCH	FUNDING SOURCE	STUDY OUTCOME

DATE	NON-INDUSTRY SPONSORED RESEARCH	FUNDING SOURCE	ADVERSE REACTION IDENTIFIED	SAFETY OF ASPARTAME SUPPORTED
1970	Olney, Brain Damage in Infant Mice Following Oral Intake of Glutamate, Aspartate or Cysteine. Nature 1970;227:609-610.	Washington University	X
1975	Olney JW, Aspartame as a Sweetener. NEJM 1975;292(23):1244-1245.	Washington University	X
1977	Mishiro Y and Keneko H, Effect of a Dipeptide, Aspartame, on Lactic Acid Production in Human Whole Saliva. J Dent Res 1977;56(11):1427.	Nippon Dental University, Tokyo	X
1979	Brunner RL, Vorhees CV, Kinney L, Butcher RE, et al., Aspartame: Assessment of Developmental Psychotoxicity of a New Artificial Sweetener. Neurobehavioral Toxicology 1979;1:79-86.	USFDA	X
1980	Olney, Brain Damage in Mice from Voluntary Ingestion of Glutamate and Aspartate. Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology 1980;2:125-129.	Washington University	X
1982	Uribe, Potential Toxicity of a New Sugar Substitute in Patients with Liver Disease. N Engl J Med 1982;173-174.	Institute National De La Nutrition ­ Mexico	X
1983	Wurtman, Effects of Aspartame and Glucose on Rat Brain Amino Acids and Serotin. New England Journal of Medicine 1983;309(7):429-430.	M.I.T.	X
1983	Wurtman RJ, Neurological Changes Following High Dose Aspartame with Dietary Carbohydrates. N Engl J Med 1983;309(7):429-430.	M.I.T.	X
1984	Olney, Excitotoxic Food Additives ­ Relevance of Animal Studies to Human Safety. Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology 1984;6:455-562.	Research Scientist Award MH-38894	X
1984	Monte, Aspartame: Methanol and the Public Health. J Appl Nutr 36(1):42-54.	Arizona State University	X
1984	Yokogoshi H,k Roberts CH, Canballero B, Wuetman RJ, Effects of Aspartame and Glucose Administration on Brain and Plasma Levels of Large Neutral Amino Acids and Brain 5-Hydroxyindoles. Amer J Clin Nutr 1984;40:1-7.	M.I.T.	X
1984	Mahalik MP and Gautieri RF, Reflex Responsiveness of CF-1 Mouse Neonates Following Maternal Aspartame Exposure. Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry & Behavior 1984;9(4):385-403.	None Specified	X
1985	Novick, Aspartame Induced Granulomatous Panniculitis. Ann Int Med 102(2):206-207.	Mt. Sinai Medical Center	X
1985	Grobelny D and Galardy RE, A Metabolite of Aspartame Inhibits Angiotensin Converting Enzyme. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1985; 128(2):960-964.	University of Kentucky	X
1985	Wurtman, RJ, Aspartame: Possible Effects on Seizure Susceptibility. Lancet 1985;2(8463):1060.	M.I.T.	X
1985	Ferguson JM, Interaction of Aspartame and Carbohydrates in an Eating Disordered Patient. Am J Psych 1985 Feb;142(2):271.	None	X
1986	Kulczycki A Jr., Aspartame ­ Induced Urticaria. Ann Intern Med 1986;104(2):207-208.	N.I.H.	X
1986	Pardridge WM, The Safety of Aspartame [Letter]. JAMA 1986;256(19):2678.	UCLA School of Medicine	X
1986	Koehler SM, A New Dietary Caution for Migraine Sufferers. Dir in Appl Nut 1986;1:1-7.	Center for Brain Sciences and Metabolism U of FL.	X
1986	Kiritsky PJ and Maher TJ, Acute Effects of Aspartame on Systolic Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Neural Transmission 1986;66(2):121-128.	National Institute of Neurological, Communicative Diseases and Stroke	X
1986	Yokogoshi H and Wurtman RJ, Acute Effects of Oral or Parenteral Aspartame on Catecholamine Metabolism in Various Regions of Rat Brain. J Nutr 1986;116:356-364.	M.I.T.	X
1986	Walton, Seizure and Mania After High Intake of Aspartame. Psychosomatics 27:218-220.	Chautauqua County Dept of Mental Health	X
1986	Drake ME, Panic Attacks and Excessive Aspartame Ingestion [Letter]. Lancet 1986;2(8507):631.	None	X
1986	Johns DR, Migrane Provoked by Aspartame. New Eng J Medicine 1986;315(7):456.	None	X
1986	Blundell JE, Hill AJ, Paradoxical Effects of an Intense Sweetener Aspartame on Appetite. Lancet 1986;1(8489):1092-3.	None	X
1986	Caballero B, Mahon BE, Rohr FJ, Levy HL, Wurtman RJ, et. al., Plasma Amino Acid Levels after Single Dose Aspartame Consumption in Phenylketonuria Mild Hyperphenylalaninemia and Heterozygous State for Phenylketonuria. Journal of Pediatrics 1986;109(4):668-671.	National Institute of Neurological, Communicate Diseases and Stroke	X
1986	Bradstock MK, Serdula MK, Marks IS, et al., Evaluation of Reactions to Food Additives: The Aspartame Experience. AM J Clin Nutr 1986 Mar;43(3):464-9.	Federal Government	X
1986	Coulombe RA Jr., Sharma RP, Neurobiochemical Alterations Induced by the Artificial Sweetener Aspartame. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1986;83(1):79-85.	Utah State University	X
1987	Wurtman RJ, Aspartame Effects on Brain Serotonin. Am J Clin Nutr 1987 Apr;45(4):799-803.	M.I.T.	X
1987	Maher TJ and Wurtman RJ, Possible Neurologic Effects of Aspartame, a Widely Used Food Additive. Environmental Health Perspectives 1987;75:53-57.	M.I.T. & Federal Government	X
1987	Drogari E, Smith I, Beasley M, Lloyd JK, Timing of Strict Diet in Relation to Fetal Damage in Maternal Phenylketonuria: An International Collaborative Study by the MRC/DHSS Phenylketonuria Register. Lancet 1987;2(8565):927-30.	Institute of Child Health	X
1987	Elsas, et al., Changes in Physiological Concentrations of Blood Phenylalanine Produce Changes in Human Brain Function. Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function Birkhauser Boston 1988;187-195.	Emory University	X
1988	Roberts: Neurological, Psychiatric and Behavioral Reactions to Aspartame in 505 Aspartame Reactors. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 373-376.	Palm Beach Institute for Medical Research	X
1988	Pinto and Maher, Aspartame, Phenylalanine and Seizures in Experimental Animals. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 95-103.	National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke	X
1988	Roberts, Reactions Attributed to Aspartame ­ Containing Products: 551 Cases. Journal of Applied Nutrition 1988;40:85-94.	Palm Beach Institute for Medical Research	X
1988	Roberts, Neurological Psychiatric and Behavioral Reactions to Aspartame in 505 Aspartame Reactors. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 373-376.	None	X
1988	Wurtman and Maher, Calculation of the Aspartame Dose for Rodents that Produces Neurochemical Effects Comparable to Those Occurring in People. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 144-148.	M.I.T.	X
1988	Pinto JM, Mahea TJ, Administration of Aspartame Potentiates Pentylenetetrazole and Fluorothyl-Induced Seizures in Mice. Neuropharmacology 1988;27(1):51-55.	Massachusetts College of Pharmacy	X
1988	Walton, The Possible Role of Aspartame in Seizure Induction. Proceedings of the first International Conference on Phenylalanine and the Brain. Wurtman RJ, Walker E (eds.), Center for Brain Sciences and Metabolism Charitable Trust, Cambridge, 1987.	Chautauqua County Dept of Mental Health	X
1988	Tollefson L, Monitoring Adverse Reactions to Food Additives in the US Food and Drug Administration. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 1988;8(4):438-446.	FDA		X
1988	Olney, Excitotoxic Food Additives ­ Functional Teratological Aspects. In Progress in Brain Research, Vol 73 ­ Biochemical Basis of Functional Neuroteratology: Permanent Effects of Chemical on the Developing Brain, edited by Boer, GJ, et al., Elsevier, New York 1988.	Washington University	X
1988	Tollefson L, Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Aspartame Reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 317-326.	FDA		X
1988	Steinmetzer and Kunkel, Aspartame and Headache [letter]. N Engl J Med 1988;318(18):1201.	Cleveland Clinic	X
1988	Spiers, et al., Aspartame and Human Behavior: Cognitive and Behavioral Observations. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 169-178.	Center for Brain Sciences and Metabolism Charitable Trust	X
1988	Sardesai, et. al., Effect of Aspartame in Diabetic Rats. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 265-268.	Wayne State University	X
1988	Matalon, et. al., Aspartame Consumption in Normal Individuals and Carriers for Phenylketonuria. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 41-52.	N.I.H. and The University of Illinois	X
1988	Guiso G, Caccia S, Vezzani A, et. al., Effect of Aspartame on Seizures in Various Models of Experimental Epilepsy. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1988;96:485-493.	Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Eritrea	X
1988	Johns, Aspartame and Headache. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 303-312.	Johns Hopkins University	X
1988	Fernstrom, Effects of Aspartame Ingestion on Large Neutral Amino Acids and Monoamine Neurotransmitters in the Central Nervous System. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 87-96.	N.I.M.H.	X
1988	Maher and Kiritsy, Aspartame Administration Decreases the Entry of Alpha-Methyldopa into the Brain of Rats. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 122-126.	Massachusetts College of Pharmacy	X
1988	Elsas, Aspartame and Migraine. N Engl J Med 1988;318(18):1201.	Emory University	X
1988	Kim, et al., The Effect of Aspartame on 50% Convulsion Doses of Lidocaine. In: Wurtman and Ritter-Walker (eds.). Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function. Boston: Birkhauser, 1988, pp. 127-130.	Indiana University and Ball State University	X
1988	Blundell, Effects of Aspartame on Appetite and Food Intake. In Dietary Phenylalanine and Brain Function, Wurtman and Ritter-Walker, Editors, 1988;Birkhauser, Boston, 275-295.	University of Leeds	X
1988	Lipton RB, Newman LC, Cohen JS, Solomon S, Aspartame and Headache. The New England Journal of Medicine 1988 May 5;1200.	Albert Einstein College of Medicine	X
1988	Lipton, et al., Aspartame as a Dietary Factor in Headache. Neurology 1988;38:356.	National Headache Foundation	X
1988	Lipton, et al., Aspartame as a Dietary Trigger of Headache. Headache 1989;29(2):90-2.	National Headache Foundation	X
1988	Koehler SM, Glaros A, The Effect of Aspartame on Migraine Headache. Headache 1988;28:10-13.	Center for Brain Sciences and Metabolism Charitable Trust & The University of Florida	X
1989	Potenza DD and el-Mallakh RS, Aspartame: Clinical Update. Conn Med 1989;53(7):395-400.	None	X
1989	Holder MD and Yirmiya R, Behavioral Assessment of the Toxicity of Aspartame. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 1989;32:17-26.	N.I.H.	X
1989	Yost DA, Clinical Safety of Aspartame [Review].* AFP 1989 Feb;39(2):201-206.	University of Arizona		X
1989	Dow-Edwards DL, Scribani LA, Riley EP, et. al., Impaired Performance on Odor-Aversion Testing Following Prenatal Aspartame Exposure in the Guinea Pig. Neurotoxicology and Teratology. 1989 Jul-Aug;11(4):413-416.	Laboratory of Cerebral Metabolism, State University of New York.	X
1989	Dow-Edwards DL, Scribani LA, Riley EP, Impaired Performance on Odor-Aversion Testing Following Prenatal Aspartame Exposure in the Guinea Pig. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1989;11(4):413-6.	State University of N.Y.	X
1989	Bresnick, Excitotoxins: A Possible New Mechanism for the Pathogenesis of Ischemic Retinal Damage. Arch Opmalmol 1989 Mar;107(3):339-41.	N.I.H.	X
1990	Turdoff MG, and Alleva AM, Oral Stimulation with Aspartame Increases Hunger. Physiology Behavior 1990;47(3):555-9.	None Specified	X
1990	Pan-Hou H, et. al., Effect of Aspartame on N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Sensitive L-[3H] Glutamate Binding Sites in Rat Brain Synaptic Membranes. Brain Res 1990;520(1-2):351-353.	Setsunan University	X
1991	Strathman, Recurrent Vulvovaginitis Resulting From the Heavy Dietary Use of Aspartame. J Reprod Med 1991 Aug;36(8):572.	No Funding	X
1991	Roberts, Does Aspartame Cause Human Brain Cancer. Journal of Advancement in Medicine 4(4):231-241.	None	X
1991	Watts RS, Aspartame, Headaches and Beta Blockers. Headache 1991;31(3):181-2.	None	X
1991	Tilson HA, Hong JS, Sobotka TS, et. al., High Doses of Aspartame have no Effect on Sensorimotor Function or Learning and Memory in Rats. Neurotoxicology & Teratology 1991;13(1):27-35.	FDA		X
1991	McCauliffe DP, Poitras K, et. al., Aspartame-Induced Lobular Panniculitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;24(2 Pt 1):298-300.	U.S. Air Force	X
1991	Moller SE, Effect of Aspartame and Protein, Administered in Phenylalanine-Equivalent Doses on Plasma Neutral Amino Acids, Aspartate, Insulin and Glucose in Man. Pharmacol Toxicol 1991;68(5):408-12.	St. Hans Hospital, Denmark	X
1991	Diomed L, Romano M, Guiso G, et. al., Interspecies and Interstrain Studies on the Increased Susceptibility to Metrazol-Induced Convulsions in Animals given Aspartame. Food & Chem Toxicol 1991;29(2):101-106.	Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy	X
1991	Guiso, et. al., Effect of Tyrosine on the Potentiation by Aspartame and Phenylalanine of Metrazol-Induced Convulsions in Rats. Food Chem Toxicol 1991 Dec;29(12):855-7.	Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy, Via Eritrea	X
1992	Tollefson L and Barnard RJ, An Analysis of FDA Passive Surveillance Reports of Seizures Associated with Consumption of Aspartame. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 1992;92(5):598-601.	FDA		X
1992	Camfield PR, Camfield CS, Dooley JM, et. al., Aspartame Exacerbates EEG Spike Wave Discharge in Children With Generalized Absence Epilepsy: A Double-Blind Controlled Study. Neurology 1992;42:1000-1003.	Ontario Ministry of Health	X
1992	Gulya AJ, Sessions RB, Troost TR, et. al., Aspartame and Dizziness: Preliminary Results of a Prospective, Nonblinded, Prevalence and Attempted Cross-over Study. American J of Otology 1992 Sept;13(5):438-42.	Georgetown University	X
1993	Shephard SE, Wakabayashi K, Nagao M, et. al., Mutagenic Activity of Peptides and the Artificial Sweetener Aspartame After Nitrosation. Food & Chemical Toxicol 1993;31(5):323-9.	National Cancer Center Research Institute ­ Japan	X
1993	Walton RG, Hudak R, Greenwaite RJ, Adverse Reaction to Aspartame: Double-Blind Challenge in Patients from a Vulnerable Population. Biological Psychiatry 1993;34(1-2):13-17.	Western Reserve Care System	X
1993	Tollefson L, Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Controlled Scientific Studies as Proof of Causation. * Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 1993;18:32-43.	FDA		X
1993	Eshel Y and Sarova-Pincus I, Aspartame and Seizures. Neurology 1993;43(10):2154-2155.	None Specified	X
1993	Kasamaki A, Uresawa S, et. al., The Effect of Food Chemicals on Cell Aging of Human Diploid Cells in Vitro Culture. J Toxicol Sci 1993;18(3):143-53.	Sapparo Medical College Japan	X
1993	Meldrum, Amino Acids as Dietary Excitotoxins: A Contribution to Understanding Neurodegenerative Disorders. Brain Res Rev 1993 Sept-Dec;18(3):293-314.	Institute of Psychiatry ­ London	X
1994	Van Den Eeden SK, Koepsell TD, Langstreth WT Jr, et a., Aspartame Ingestion and Headaches: A randomized Crossover Trial. Neurology 1994;44(10):1787-93.	University of Washington	X
1994	Stokes AF, Belger A, Banich MT, Bernadine E, et. al., Effects of Alcohol and Chronic Aspartame Ingestion Upon Performance in Aviation Relevant Cognitive Tasks. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 1994;65:7-15.	FDA		X
1994	Olney, Excitotoxins in Foods. Neurotoxicology 1996;15(3):535-544.	Washington University	X
1994	Gerrard JW, Richardson JS, Donat J, et. al., Neuropharmacological Evaluation of Movement Disorders that are Adverse Reactions to Specific Foods. Int J Neurosci 1994 May;76(1-2):61-9.	University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada	X
1994	Barua J, Bal A, A Health Alert: Emerging Facts about Aspartame. Jour Diab Assoc India 1995;35(4):92-107.	S. L. Raheja Hospital Bombay	X
1995	Sonnewald U, Muller T, Unsgaro G, Peterson SB, et. al., Effect of Aspartame on 45 CA Influx and LDH Leakage from Nerve Cells in Culture. Neuroreport 1995 45 CA;6(2);318-320.	Research Council of Norway	X
1995	Kulczychi A Jr., Aspartame Induced Hives. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 1995;95(2):639-40.	Washington University	X
1996	Roberts HJ, Aspartame as a Cause of Allergic Reactions, Including Anaphylaxis. Arch Intern Med 1996;156(9);1027-8.	Palm Beach Institute for Medical Research	X
1996	Olney JW, Farber NB, Spitznagel E, Robins L, Increasing Brain Tumor Rates: Is There a Link to Aspartame? Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 1996;55(11);1115-1123.	N.I.M.H.	X
1998	Trocho C, Pardo R, Rafecas I, Virgili J, Remesar X, Fernandez-Lopez JA, Alemany M, Formaldehyde Derived From Dietary Aspartame Binds to Tissue Components In Vivo. Life Sciences 1998;63(5);337-349.	Universitat de Barcelona	X