METHYL FORMATE
(from: NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY)
NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
-IDENTIFIERS
===========
*CATALOG ID NUMBER: 002010
*CAS NUMBER: 107-31-3
*BASE CHEMICAL NAME: METHYLFORMATE
*PRIMARY NAME: METHYL FORMATE
*CHEMICAL FORMULA: C2H4O2
*STRUCTURAL FORMULA: HCOOCH3
*WLN: VHO1
*SYNONYMS:
FORMIC ACID, METHYL ESTER
METHANOIC ACID METHYL ESTER
METHYL METHANOATE
UN 1243
R 611
-PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
======================
*PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: LITERATURE: Clear, colorless, mobile liquid
REPOSITORY: Clear colorless liquid
*MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 60.05
*SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.9742 @ 20/4 C [016,047]
*DENSITY: 0.987 g/mL @ 15 C [421]
*MP (DEG C): -99.8 C [038,043,055,062]
*BP (DEG C): 31.5 C [016,029,031,043]
*SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : >=100 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
DMSO : >=100 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
95% ETHANOL : >=100 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
METHANOL : Moderately soluble [043]
ACETONE : >=100 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Alcohol: Miscible [016,031,043,205]
Ether: Soluble [016,047,062]
*VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: 400 mm Hg @ 16 C [038,043]; 476 mm Hg @ 20 C [058,102,421]
Vapor density : 2.07 [043,055]
*FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
This chemical has a flash point of -32 C (-26 F) [058,205]. It is
flammable. Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry
chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. The autoignition temperature
is 456 C (853 F) [036,062,102].
*UEL: 23% [058,102,421,451] LEL: 5% [058,102,421]
*REACTIVITY:
This chemical is incompatible with oxidizing agents such as hydrogen
peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid or chromium trioxide [058]. It is
also incompatible with bases and acids [269]. It reacts with (methanol +
sodium methoxide) to form an explosive compound [043]. It may decompose
explosively [029,066]. It may attack some forms of plastics, rubber and
coatings [102].
*STABILITY:
This chemical is sensitive to moisture and heat [269]. Gas chromatography
stability screenings indicate that solutions of this chemical in water are
stable for less than 8 hours and that solutions in acetone are stable for at
least 24 hours (RAD).
*OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Specific gravity: 0.987 @ 15/15 C [029,031]; 0.98149 @ 15/4 C [043]
Specific gravity: 0.980 @ 20/20 C [058]
Freezing point: -99 C [016,029,205]
Vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg @ -74.2 C; 5 mm Hg @ -57.0 C; 10 mm Hg @ -48.6 C [038]
Vapor pressure: 20 mm Hg @ -39.2 C; 40 mm Hg @ -28.7 C [038]
Vapor pressure: 60 mm Hg @ -21.9 C; 100 mm Hg @ -12.9 C [038]
Vapor pressure: 200 mm Hg @ +0.8 C; 760 mm Hg @ 32.0 C [038]
Vapor pressure: 700 mm Hg @ 30 C [055]
Flash point (open cup): -19 C (-2 F) [031,036,058,451]
Strong, pleasant, fruity odor [058]
Odor threshold: 2000 ppm [102]
Saponified by water or alkaline solutions [062]
100% Volatile by volume [058]
Evaporation rate (butyl acetate = 1): 100 [058]
Refractive index: 1.3440 @ 20 C [031,047]; 1.3465 @ 15 C [205]
-TOXICITY
========
*NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: LQ8925000
*TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
LD50 orl rbt 1622 mg/kg
LCLo ihl gpg 10000 ppm
LD50 orl rat 1.6 g/kg [058]
*AQTX/TLM96: Not available
*SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: Moderately toxic by ingestion. Industrial fatalities have occurred
only with exposure to high concentrations.
*CARCINOGENICITY: Not available
*MUTATION DATA: Not available
*TERATOGENICITY: Not available
*STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: Federal Register (1/19/89) and 29 CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z
Transitional Limit: PEL-TWA 100 ppm [015,327,545,610]
Final Limit: PEL-TWA 100 ppm; STEL 150 ppm [015,545,610]
ACGIH: TLV-TWA 100 ppm; STEL 150 ppm [015,415,421,610]
NIOSH Criteria Document: None
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): 2
Flammability (F): 4
Reactivity (R): 0
H2: Materials hazardous to health, but areas may be entered freely with
full-faced mask self-contained breathing apparatus which provides
eye protection (see NFPA for details).
F4: Very flammable gases or very volatile flammable liquids (see NFPA
for details).
R0: Materials which are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions
and which are not reactive with water (see NFPA for details).
*OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Review: Toxicology Review
Standards and Regulations: DOT-Hazard: Flammable liquid; Label: Flammable
liquid
Status: EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1986
IDLH value: 5000 ppm [058]
-OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
=======================
*PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): Methyl formate
*UN/ID NUMBER: UN1243
*HAZARD CLASS: 3 SUBSIDIARY RISK: None PACKING GROUP: I
*LABELS REQUIRED: Flammable liquid
*PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: 302 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 1 L
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: 303 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 30 L
*SPECIAL PROVISIONS: None
*USES:
This compound is used as a fumigant and larvicide for tobacco, dried
fruits and cereal. It is a fumigant for nuts and infected clothing. It is
also a general industrial solvent for greases, fatty acids, cellulose acetate,
collodion and celluloid. It is used in organic synthesis for the production
of sulfa drugs, perfumes, dyes, military poison gases and embalming fluid.
*COMMENTS:
This compound should be shipped under dry ice.
-HANDLING PROCEDURES
===================
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is harmful by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption
[269]. It has been reported to have been absorbed through human skin resulting
in death [058]. It may cause irritation [269]. The vapor is heavier than air
and can travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back
[058]. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes
and toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and formic acid [043,058,
102,269].
*MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Not available
*RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
GlovES+ Expert System Glove Types For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
This chemical has not been tested for permeation by Radian Corporation;
however, the GlovES+ expert system was used to extrapolate permeation test
information from compounds in the same chemical class. The GlovES+ system uses
permeation data from literature sources; therefore, extra safety margins should
be used with the estimated protection time(s). If this chemical makes direct
contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture or hole develops, replace them
at once.
The GlovES+ expert system is a tool that can help people better manage
protection from chemicals, however this tool cannot replace sound judgment nor
make technical decisions. Our GlovES+ expert system is designed to offer
initial advice and assistance in glove selection while the final glove
selection should be made by knowledgeable individuals based on the specific
circumstances involved.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Estimated Protection Time
Butyl rubber North B-174 0.63 mm 480 min
PE/EVOH/PE Broste 4H Glove 0.07 mm 240 min
PVA Edmont 25-545 0.33 mm 360 min
Unknown North Silvershield 0.10 mm 360 min
*RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
When working with this chemical, wear a NIOSH-approved full face
positive pressure supplied-air respirator or a self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA). [651]
*OTHER: Not available
*STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should store this chemical in an explosion-proof refrigerator,
and protect it from moisture. If possible, it would be prudent to store
this compound under inert atmosphere. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION.
*SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up
all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any
of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic
bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated
with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated
area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified
that the area has been properly cleaned.
*DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
-EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
====================
*SKIN CONTACT:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating
all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly
with soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a
physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
*INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in
the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to
transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
*EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
*INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being
aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical
problems.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of
water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control
center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport
the victim to a hospital.
*SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound include irritation of the eyes
and nose, retching, narcosis and death from pulmonary effects [031,043].
Inhalation of the vapor can cause optic neuritis and pulmonary irritation
[043]. Central nervous system depression and irritation of the mucous mem-
branes may occur [151,301]. Irritation of the respiratory system may also
occur [036,043]. Other symptoms include irritation of the throat, drowsiness
and unconsciousness [102]. Exposure may cause nausea, stupor, lung damage
and skin irritation. Prolonged skin contact may lead to dryness and cracking
[058].
-SOURCES
=======
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